Category: Architecture

Water in all its forms: couples, liquid and ice, it is the greatest and enemy of many materials and structures. Moisture, penetrating into materials, it triggers the mechanism that causes the harmful changes, as a result of physical processes, chemical or biological occurring frequently in relation to each other.

W …

Adaptation consists in adapting the reconstructed monument to purposes other than these, which he has served so far. In a technical sense, adaptation works are to improve the utility and functional values ​​of the building, which can be manifested, inter alia, in the appropriate transformation of the interior (if they have no museum significance, …

Wood is often used to construct two-part ventilated flat roofs. Wooden roofs, both those with external drainage and those with internal drainage, they are most often constructed with the use of purlin-claw trusses or lattice trusses.

Claw-type purlin trusses
In flat roofs 8-12 …

Division of green roofs due to the intensity of greening:

• Ekstensywne – Low plants with low vegetation requirements, which can independently support and develop like steppe vegetation. They need occasional care and don't need to be watered. The advantage of an extensive roof is …

Terraces over utility rooms are usually made as full terrace roofs with a traditional arrangement of layers.

In a full terrace flat roof, the upper level of the construction board is lowered in relation to the upper level of the raw ceiling inside the building. This is due to the difference in …

The flat roofs can be equipped with two types of drainage:

• Odwodnienie zewnętrzne – Water is discharged through gutters located on the edge of the cornice or eaves and downspouts located outside the building.

• Internal drainage - Water drainage is carried out through drainage channels formed on the …

The concept of the value of a monument is very complex. In fact, in every monument, regardless of type, meaning, age etc., there may be several of these values. Usually, historical criteria are taken into account when assessing value, aesthetic, decorative, structural, age, uniqueness, and also the impact …

The protection of cultural goods in modern times is one of the basic duties of every state and its citizens. The nature and scope of obligations in the field of monument protection are defined by appropriate legal norms. The content of these standards (set, regulations, regulations etc.) it is developed individually in each country …

On the formation of views, The theory and technical methods of conservation have influenced the activities of many theorists and practitioners of various nations. These views changed in different periods of the history of conservation, depending on political conditions, ideological and economic.

In the initial period (to one …