There is a wooden beam ceiling – especially in private housing construction – an interesting alternative to heavy concrete ceilings. Economic span of beams in the wooden ceiling, counted in the light of the walls, should not exceed 6,00 m. The axial spacing of the floor beams is 60-90 cm. The maximum deflection of the wooden beams should not exceed 1/300 their span. The dimensions of the wooden beams depend on the operational load of the ceiling, the span and axial spacing of the beams, and the optimal proportions of the beam section are approx 5 : 7. The length of the beam resting on the wall should be equal to its height. For protection against moisture from the masonry, the end of the beam based on the wall should be wrapped with roofing felt, leaving the beam front exposed. The socket in the wall should have a clearance of a few centimeters from the front and top of the beam, allowing moisture to drain away from the wood.
Wooden beam ceilings made on masonry walls require anchoring in the walls. This allows the walls to be braced in front of the strut and stabilizes the arrangement of walls and ceilings. The anchors are either attached directly to each beam or indirect anchoring is used (with a tie rod) attached to the exchange placed at the wall, connecting adjacent beams. Intermediate anchoring is also used between the edge beams and the outer wall parallel to them. In this case, near the anchor, adjacent beams are joined by additional replacements. The spacing of the anchors at the walls parallel to the beam system should be approx 3 m.
In order to acoustically dampen the ceiling, insulation tapes can be used under the boarding and hard boards of pressed mineral wool under a dry screed..