Acoustic insulation of ceilings
• The most popular and effective method of acoustic insulation of ceilings consists in making a floating floor, that is, a cement screed on a base of boards made of hydrophobized stone wool or polystyrene.
To increase the impact sound insulation, stone wool slabs can be used. They are characterized by good elasticity, making the floating floor made of thick insulation boards 40 mm has an index of the weighted reduction of the impact level of the reference floor Δlw = 27 dB and can be classified as acoustic class II – Pp23.
The research have shown, that increasing the thickness of the insulation boards does not significantly improve the acoustic insulation.
• The second method of improving the acoustic insulation is to make a suspended ceiling of plasterboard on a structure independent of the ceiling structure, with acoustic insulation made of glass or rock wool.
• W stropach z belek drewnianych poprawę izolacyjności akustycznej uzyskać można poprzez zastosowanie przekładek (from felt, rubber or polypropylene foam) between the beams and the sheathing.
Securing the ceiling against vibrations
Light wooden ceilings, especially with large spans, are susceptible to vibration and vibration.
Methods of preventing the floor vibrations:
• Dociążenie stropu poprzez wykonanie podkładu podłogowego z 3-4 cm of a layer of cement mortar or a dry screed made of special plasterboard.
• W przypadku stropu drewnianego z belek o masywnych przekrojach -dociążenie konstrukcji sufitu z desek, with sand mixed with cement (such stabilized sand absorbs moisture from the air, thanks to which it is not loose) – poured onto the previously laid foil.
Securing the ceiling against fire
The ceilings in the building are, among others,. the role of a barrier to prevent fire from spreading to adjacent storeys in the event of a fire. Increasing the fire resistance of ceilings can be achieved by:
• wykonanie jako warstwy podłogowej gładzi cementowej grubości 3-5 cm,
• paneling of the ceiling made of plaster-cardboard panels in the fire-resistant version.
Floors on rib-and-slab ceilings and monolithic reinforced concrete ceilings are most often made in the so-called. floating floors, in which – on the entire surface and around the edges – the load-bearing floor layer is separated from the raw ceiling by an insulating material.