Roofs built of corrugated sheets above living quarters in the attic should be ventilated. In the case of roofs with full boarding laid on the rafters, the first stage of covering consists of making full boarding on the rafters and covering the roof with roofing felt in a single layer., sheets parallel to …
The use of corrugated bitumen sheets
The use of corrugated bitumen sheets – Corrugated sheets are used as a roof covering for single-family houses, holiday homes, in agricultural construction, horticultural and industrial. They are especially useful in places, where there is a high concentration of acids and high humidity, e.g. in industrial buildings …
Stabilization of systems without violating the basic static scheme
The methods of stabilizing a given system or structural system depend primarily on the nature of the damage. In principle, the inhibition of rotation processes and the fusion of load cells can be achieved by three methods:
— by introducing reinforcements that do not violate the basic static scheme of the system,
- with an introduction …
Systems about a poly-structural organism
Systems with a poly-structural organism are in turn characterized by this, that they are made of elements made of materials with different physical and chemical characteristics, or of homogeneous materials, but the load cells do not form a unified organism. You have to belong to this group …
External entrance stairs to the building
Entrance to the building on the lower level of the ground floor – entrance landing connected to the door by a steel lattice platform.
When designing the entrance to the building, special attention should be paid to the solution of connecting the door sill with the entrance platform.
The threshold of the door is exposed during heavy rainfall …
Pigments
How pigments differ from dyes?
Pigments, unlike dyes, do not dissolve in binders and solvents. Thus, only pigments are suitable for use in painting materials. However, pigments can be produced from dyes.
What are the relationships between the terms: …
Temporary or temporary protection of load-bearing structures
When it comes to temporary or temporary protection of load-bearing structures, so walls, vault, ceilings, arcades and others, then in each case the method of securing should be based on the results of the diagnosis of the technical condition and the static-strength analysis.
Old walls and brick structures, like walls, …
Sequence of execution of foundations and waterproofing, part 2
The drawings show a standard solution for foundations and insulation of the building's ground floor.
Instead of a lean concrete screed between the footings, a reinforced concrete slab based on strip footings is used, falling under the external structural walls.
The sequence of works presented in the figures allows for …
Sequence of execution of foundations and waterproofing
In cohesive soils, the foundation lava for small buildings can be poured directly in the excavation, which allows you to avoid time-consuming formwork. Foundation footings are made under all construction walls. Between the benches, a coarse sand ballast is made and covered with fleece.
Above the footings …
Static and strength analysis
The static-strength analysis is an extremely important and important part of the research. It should provide data on the behavior of the building, as well as its individual structural elements and materials, under the action of constant and service load and reveal the type and extent of deformation. By comparison …